London city waterfront and skyline

London — travel, stays & events guide

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London, England
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London city overview

London is a vast but readable capital when you plan around the Tube, river and neighbourhoods. Start with Westminster and the Houses of Parliament, cross to the South Bank, then save time for the British Museum or Tower of London. Heathrow is the main long-haul airport, while Gatwick, Stansted, Luton and City shape route choices.

City facts

Airport baseLondon Heathrow Airport (LHR)
Known forHouses of Parliament, Tower of London, British Museum, South Bank
RegionEnglandEngland
Time zoneEurope/Londonlocal time
Founded680historical origin

City history

By about 680 the city had become a major port again, but there is little evidence of large-scale production.
In 1264, during the Second Barons' War, Simon de Montfort's rebels killed 500 Jews while attempting to seize records of debts. Early modern The Reformation produced a shift to Protestantism.
The fortifications failed their only test when the New Model Army entered London in 1647.
The ban was lifted during the 1660 Restoration; London's oldest theatre, Drury Lane, opened in 1663.
In 1666, the Great Fire destroyed much of the wooden-built city.
In 1710, Christopher Wren's masterpiece St Paul's Cathedral was completed, replacing its medieval predecessor, lost in the Great Fire.
During the 18th century London was dogged by crime, and the Bow Street Runners were established in 1750 as a professional police force.
Following an 1838 fire, the Royal Exchange was rebuilt in 1844.
Lyons opened the first of their chain of teashops in Piccadilly in 1894.
In the 12th century the institutions of central government, which had followed the royal English court around the country, grew in size and sophistication and became increasingly fixed, for most purposes at Westminster, although.
Westminster Abbey, rebuilt in Romanesque style by King Edward the Confessor, was one of the grandest churches in Europe.
Winchester had been the capital of Anglo-Saxon England, but from this time, London became the main forum for foreign traders and the base for defence in time of war.
It became the basis of a new Palace of Westminster.
London became the main North Sea port, with migrants from England and abroad.

Worth seeing

Houses of Parliament, London

Houses of Parliament

Houses of Parliament is a named stop in London worth keeping on the route when it fits the day's transport, timing and neighborhood plan.

Tower of London, London

Tower of London

Tower of London is a clear heritage marker in London, best used as a fixed point when grouping nearby streets, monuments and viewpoints.

British Museum, London

British Museum

The British Museum is one of London's major free museums, strongest when you choose a few galleries rather than rushing everything.

South Bank, London

South Bank

South Bank is a named stop in London worth keeping on the route when it fits the day's transport, timing and neighborhood plan.

Hyde Park, London

Hyde Park

Hyde Park gives central London a large green pause, useful between Kensington museums, shopping streets and royal parks.

Shoreditch, London

Shoreditch

Shoreditch is a named stop in London worth keeping on the route when it fits the day's transport, timing and neighborhood plan.

Stay overview

Choose Westminster for landmarks, Covent Garden for theatre and restaurants, South Bank for river culture, Kensington for museums and Heathrow convenience, or Shoreditch for nightlife and a more local East London base.

Hotels & areas

London hotel choice is about transport as much as neighbourhood feel. Stay near a useful Tube or Elizabeth line station, then choose between landmark-heavy Westminster, theatre-led Covent Garden, museum-focused Kensington or food-led Shoreditch.

Westminster

Westminster is best for first-time landmark walks, Parliament views, royal parks and easy Underground access.

Best for: first visits, landmarks, royal parksCompare stays

Covent Garden

Covent Garden puts theatres, restaurants, shops and Soho within easy walking distance, but hotels cost more.

Best for: theatre, restaurants, nightlifeCompare stays

South Bank

South Bank gives river views, cultural venues and walkable routes between Waterloo, Tate Modern and Westminster.

Best for: river walks, culture, familiesCompare stays

Kensington

Kensington works for museums, Hyde Park, polished hotels and easier access toward Heathrow routes.

Best for: museums, parks, HeathrowCompare stays

Shoreditch

Shoreditch suits restaurants, bars, street art and repeat visitors who want East London energy.

Best for: nightlife, food, repeat visitsCompare stays
Compare stays in London, England

Flights & airports

London Heathrow Airport (LHR) arrival plan

  • London Heathrow Airport (LHR)London Heathrow Airport, London, England

    Heathrow is London's main long-haul airport, with Elizabeth line, Tube and rail connections into central districts.

  • London Gatwick Airport (LGW)London Gatwick Airport, London, England

    Gatwick is south of London and works well for rail links to Victoria, London Bridge and Thameslink stations.

  • London City Airport (LCY)London City Airport, London, England

    London City Airport is closest to Canary Wharf and the City, useful for business trips and short European routes.

Compare airport-area stays

Rental cars

London day-trip car use

Do not rent a car for London; congestion, parking and public transport make it unnecessary until leaving the city.

Compare rental cars

Travel tips

Best base

Pick a hotel near a Tube or Elizabeth line station rather than chasing the absolute geographic centre.

Airport choice

Check the airport before booking flights, because Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted, Luton and City have very different transfer routes.

Payments

Use contactless cards or mobile wallets on Tube, buses and many rail services instead of buying paper tickets.

Day trip

Windsor, Oxford and Hampton Court are straightforward rail day trips when you want a break from central London.

Nearby ideas

Castle

Windsor

Windsor is a nearby side trip from London; keep it for a day when travel time, weather and opening hours fit the route.

City

Oxford

Oxford is a nearby side trip from London; keep it for a day when travel time, weather and opening hours fit the route.

Palace

Hampton Court Palace

Hampton Court Palace gives Tudor history, gardens and river scenery southwest of central London.